Izithuthi zombane zamandla amatsha ziya zisiba lukhetho lokuqala kubantu abaninzi ukuba bathenge iimoto.Zikrelekrele kwaye zinoqoqosho ngakumbi kunezithuthi zamafutha, kodwa iibhetri zisengumba omkhulu, njengobomi bebhetri, ukuxinana, ubunzima, ixabiso kunye nokhuseleko.Enyanisweni, zininzi iintlobo zeebhetri zamandla.Namhlanje, ndiza kuthetha nawe malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri zamandla amatsha ezikhoyo ngoku.
Ke, iibhetri zamandla zangoku ngokubanzi ziquka ezi ntlobo zilandelayo, ezizezi, iibhetri ze-ternary lithium, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, iibhetri ze-lithium cobalt oxide, iibhetri ze-nickel metal hydride, kunye neebhetri eziqinileyo.Phakathi kwazo, iitram zamandla amatsha ngokubanzi zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-ternary lithium kunye neebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, ebizwa ngokuba "ngamaqhawe amabini akhuphisana ne-hegemony".
Ibhetri ye-lithium ye-ternary: Elona liqhelekileyo luchungechunge lwe-nickel-cobalt-manganese ye-CATL.Kukho kwakhona uchungechunge lwe-nickel-cobalt-aluminium kwishishini.I-nickel yongezwa kwibhetri ukwandisa umthamo wokugcinwa kwebhetri kunye nokuphucula ubomi bebhetri.
Ibonakaliswe ngobungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima obulula, ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu, malunga ne-240Wh / kg, ukuzinza okungahambi kakuhle kwe-thermal, kunye neengxaki zokutsha ezizenzekelayo.Iyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kodwa hayi kubushushu obuphezulu.Umda ophantsi wokusetyenziswa kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ngu-30 ° C, kwaye amandla athotywa malunga ne-15% ebusika.Iqondo lobushushu le-thermal elibalekayo lijikeleze i-200 ° C-300 ° C, kwaye umngcipheko wokutsha okuzenzekelayo uphezulu.
Ibhetri ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate: ibhekisa kwibhetri ye-lithium-ion esebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengesixhobo se-electrode esakhayo kunye nekhabhoni njengento engalunganga ye-electrode.Xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lithium ze-ternary, ukuzinza kwayo kwe-thermal kungcono kwaye iindleko zayo zokuvelisa ziphantsi.Ngaphezu koko, ubomi bomjikelezo weebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate buya kuba bude, ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha angama-3,500, ngelixa iibhetri ze-ternary lithium ngokubanzi ziqala ukubola malunga namaxesha angama-2,000 entlawulo kunye nokuphuma.
Ibhetri ye-lithium cobalt oxide: Ibhetri ye-lithium cobalt oxide ikwalisebe lebhetri ye-lithium-ion.Iibhetri zeLithium cobalt oxide zinesakhiwo esizinzile, umlinganiselo ophezulu womthamo kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo okubalaseleyo.Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium cobalt oxide zinokhuseleko olubi kunye neendleko eziphezulu.Iibhetri zeLithium cobalt oxide zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiibhetri ezincinci neziphakathi.Ziyibhetri eqhelekileyo kwiimveliso zombane kwaye azisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto.
Ibhetri ye-nickel-metal hydride: Ibhetri ye-nickel-metal hydride luhlobo olutsha lwebhetri eluhlaza ephuhliswe kwi-1990s.Ineempawu zamandla aphezulu, ubomi obude, kwaye akukho ngcoliseko.I-electrolyte yeebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride ayinomlilo we-potassium hydroxide isisombululo, ngoko ke nokuba iingxaki ezinjengeebhetri ezimfutshane zenzeke, aziyi kubangela ukutsha okuzenzekelayo.Ukhuseleko luqinisekisiwe kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa ivuthiwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kweebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride yi-avareji, ayikwazi ukusebenzisa i-high-voltage ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kubi kakhulu kuneebhetri ze-lithium.Ke ngoko, emva kokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweebhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride zinokutshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-16-2024